What does topography primarily refer to?

Topography primarily refers to the arrangement of the natural and man-made features of a particular area. This includes elements such as mountains, valleys, rivers, lakes, and buildings, which collectively determine the physical landscape. Understanding topography is crucial for wildland firefighters because it influences fire behavior, including how fires spread and how easily they can be reached and controlled. For instance, steep slopes may accelerate fire movement, while bodies of water can serve as barriers for fire spread. This knowledge helps in planning fire suppression strategies and ensuring the safety of personnel involved in firefighting efforts.